X-Ray Bulk Liquid Electrochemistry Holder Technical Specs Brochure

Perform in-situ synchrotron X-ray microscopy with bulk liquid electrochemistry using off-chip reference and counter electrodes for stable, reproducible measurements.

Technical Specs

1470 Series X-Ray

Total Electrodes

Reference Electrode

Yes

Counter Electrode

Yes

Counter Electrode Material

User’s choice of material

Electrolytes

Aqueous and a wide range of organic solvents

Spacer Range

100 nm to 50 μm

Heating Compatibility

Yes

Beamline Compatibility

Custom integration possible for all endstation chambers, optimized for high-resolution XAS, STXM, and ptychography beamlines where high vacuum chambers are required

www.hummingbirdscientific.com ©Hummingbird Scientific 2026 -The specifications provided are subject to change without notice.

Key Features and Capabilities

True Bulk Electrochemistry

Perform in-situ liquid-phase electrochemistry that matches benchtop performance

Reproducible Screw-Free Liquid-Cell Assembly

Achieve reproducible liquid-cell assembly with self-aligning windows and a screw-free sealing design

Removable, Swappable Tip and Tubing

Simplify cleaning with removable and upgradeable holder tips that allow user access for full tubing replacement

Flexible Liquid Cell Operation

Image samples in continuous-flow or static liquid environments using a sealed microfluidic chip assembly

Custom X-ray Microscope Integration

Configure the holder for seamless integration with synchrotron beamlines and laboratory X-ray microscopy systems

Integrated Liquid Heating

Optional add on

Add temperature-controlled liquid-phase X-ray microscopy capabilities with homogeneous heating concurrent with electrochemical control, precise temperature regulation, and near-drift-free in-situ imaging

Dual-Flow Liquid Mixing

Optional add on

Accelerate discovery with dual-flow liquid mixing for in-situ liquid phase X-ray microscopy, capturing dynamic liquid-liquid reactions with greater control and flexibility

Biologic SP-200 Potentiostat

Optional add on

Expand the capabilities of the X-ray Bulk Liquid Electrochemistry sample holder with the BioLogic SP-200 potentiostat for quantitative in-situ X-ray electrochemistry

www.hummingbirdscientific.com ©Hummingbird Scientific 2026 -The specifications provided are subject to change without notice.

Built for Diverse Applications

Magnetic polarization of nanocrystals within bacterial cells

Bio/Soft Materials

Visualize biological and soft matter systems dynamics, including growth, interactions, and degradation.

Biomineralization

Self-Assembly Processes

Metal-Organic Framework Dynamics

Soft Matter Dynamics

Biomolecular Interactions

Illustration of battery material particles and spectroscopy

Battery Materials

Directly visualize battery cycling, ion transport, dendrite formation, interface evolution, and structural changes.

Charge-Discharge Cycling

Electrochemistry

Study electrodeposition, electrocatalysis, corrosion mechanisms, and electrochemical interface evolution.

Cyclic Voltammetry (CV)

Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV)

Chronoamperometry (CA)

Chronopotentiometry (CP)

Electrochemical Impedance (EIS)

Featured Research

Operando X-ray spectromicroscopy of strain-driven lithium transport in single-crystal NMC cathode particles

a) Schematic of Li/Li⁺ cycling in LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ particles under operando liquid-electrochemical STXM. b) Quantified heterogeneity for various charging C-rates and imaging conditions. c) Li concentration for two charge/discharge rates showing heterogeneity differences measured in (b).

Reference: Danwon Lee, et al. Nature Communications (2025). DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-64068-9

www.hummingbirdscientific.com ©Hummingbird Scientific 2026 -The specifications provided are subject to change without notice.

Selected Publications

Aram Yoon, Lichen Bai, Fengli Yang, Federico Franco, Chao Zhan, Martina Rüscher, Janis Timoshenko, Christoph Pratsch, Stephan Werner, Hyo Sang Jeon, Mariana Cecilio de Oliveira Monteiro, See Wee Chee, Beatriz Roldan Cuenya. “Revealing catalyst restructuring and composition during nitrate electroreduction through correlated operando microscopy and spectroscopy”. Nature Materials (2025)

DOI:

10.1038/s41563-024-02084-8

J. Luis Carrillo, Andrew A. Ezazi, Saul Perez-Beltran, Carlos A. Larriuz, Harris Kohl, Jaime A. Ayala, Arnab Maji, Stanislav Verkhoturov, Mohammed Al-Hashimi, Hassan Bazzi, Conan Weiland, Cherno Jaye, Daniel A. Fischer, Lucia Zuin, Jian Wang, Sarbajit Banerjee. “Electrochemical 6Li isotope enrichment based on selective insertion in 1D tunnel-structured V2O5”. Chem (2025)

DOI:

10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102486

Magdalena Parlinska-Wojtan, Tomasz Roman Tarnawski, Joanna Depciuch, Maria Letizia De Marco, Kamil Sobczak, Krzysztof Matlak, Mirosława Pawlyta, Robin E. Schaeublin, See Wee Chee. "Understanding the Growth of Electrodeposited PtNi Nanoparticle Films Using Correlated In Situ Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy and Synchrotron Radiation." Nano Letters, 24(40), 12361–12367. (2024).

DOI:

10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02228

Danwon Lee, Chihyun Nam, Juwon Kim, Bonho Koo, Hyejeong Hyun, Jinkyu Chung, Sungjae Seo, Munsoo Song, Jaejung Song, Daan Alsem, Norman Salmon, Suyong Lee, Namdong Kim, David Shapiro, Jongwoo Lim. “(Battery Student Slam 8 Award Winner) Multi-Clustered Lithium Diffusion in Single-Crystalline NMC Battery Particles”. ECS Meeting Abstracts (2024)

DOI:

10.1149/MA2024-015704mtgabs

See Wee Chee, Aram Yoon, Shih-Yu Fu, Beatriz Roldan Cuenya. “Tracking Morphology and Chemical State of Electrocatalysts during Reaction through Correlated Electron Microscopy, X-ray Microscopy and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Experiments”. Microscopy and Microanalysis (2024)

DOI:

10.1093/mam/ozae044.228