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The X-Ray High-Pressure Gas Heating Sample Holder integrates a high-pressure-rated environmental cell, dedicated gas delivery hardware, multifunctional MEMS chips, electrical biasing, and closed-loop MEMS heating up to 900 °C into a unified platform for high-pressure in-situ X-ray experiments. Samples are mounted onto compatible Hummingbird Scientific MEMS chips before the environmental cell is assembled using a specialized high-pressure sealing mechanism. High-pressure-resistant, low-bowing silicon nitride (SiN) membranes, combined with optimized spacer geometries, provide X-ray-transparent windows while withstanding gas pressures up to 20 bar.
The high-pressure gas delivery system provides manually-controlled gas flow through the sealed environmental cell, while the low-thermal-mass MEMS microheater enables rapid, closed-loop heating with integrated four-point on-chip temperature sensing. Compatible MEMS chips support a wide range of high-pressure in-situ gas-phase X-ray experiments, enabling direct correlation of structural and chemical evolution with pressure, temperature, and electrical biasing during catalyst restructuring, oxidation, reduction, sintering, phase transformations, and material degradation under industry-relevant gas environments.